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Ford Mustang

buchkovskiy90 — Mon, 15 Oct 2012 18:11:44 GMT

Ford Mustang:

Production iconic American muscle-car began in 1964 and has not stopped yet. "Mustang" are one of the best selling models of cars in the world - for the first 18 months has sold more than 1 million cars. In many ways, this was an active advertising campaign. Currently, there are 5 generations car, the last of which was presented in 2004. Now Ford is preparing the sixth generation of muscle-car, which will appear from 2014.

Ford Mustang - the iconic car segment Pony Car production Ford Motor Company.

The original version of the 11 233 (1964/65-1973's.) Was established on the basis of units of a family sedan Ford Falcon (creator Lee Iacocca and his team). The first production Mustang rolled out March 9, 1964 as a 1965 model (among collectors on the "Mustangs" of release until autumn 1964 used an informal designation "Model 1964 1/2"). April 17 car was unveiled in New York and April 19 - is shown on all three American television networks. Accompanied by active promotion of car advertising. It was one of the most successful premier in automotive history. In the first 18 months it sold more than a million Mustangov.Soderzhanie [remove]
1 Information on the engine power
2 Early Development
3 The first generation (1964-1973)
1.3 1964-1966 model year
2.3 1967-1968 model year
3.3 1969-1970 model year
4.3 1971-1973 model year
4 The second generation (1974-1978)
5 Third generation (1979-1993)
6 Fourth generation (1994-2004)
6.1 1994-1998
6.2 1999-2004
7 The fifth generation 2005 - present
8 Notes
9 Interesting Facts
10 Links

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Note on the engine power

It should be noted that, in speaking about the American classics, we must bear in mind that the pre-1972 American Power engine manufacturer specifies without attachment (Brake HP; designation such horsepower - bhp); at the time, as in the rest of the world power was measured by flywheel mounted attachments, regular systems of admission and release (the European standard DIN, sometimes horsepower for this standard is referred to as PS). In the U.S., so began to measure power only since 1972 (standard SAE hp, close to the European).

Since the tight control of the state before this was absent, there was a certain lack of coordination, and to bring a single workable conversion factor of at bhp SAE hp impossible, but in general the figures stated power rating of those years are usually higher than the actual value in the modern sense at 40-150 hp depending on the degree of honesty manufacturer.

Only in the 1972 American Association of Automotive Engineers (SAE, Society of Automotive Engineers) has guided procedures in this area, and to the surprise of many shoppers claimed power engines decreased quite significantly, for example, Chrysler 426 HEMI engine in 1971 was rated at 425 liters. a., and in 1972 the power of the same engine already indicated the 350 hp according to SAE.

In this paper, according to the manufacturer gives power values.

Compare the power of the engines of American classics produced before 1972, measured in bhp, with similar figures for European and domestic engines of those years, and modern - all the same, that directly compare the speed in miles and kilometers per hour.
[Edit]
Early developments

The initial concept Mustang I c V4 40 hp 1962.

The first prototype car with the slogan Mustang (1962), mid-engined two-seat roadster in the spirit of the European sports cars of that time with a very unusual, futuristic design.

However, there has been little interest in the conceptual part of the public, and is conceptually similar to double (or more accurately simulating the double by a removable plastic shroud over the rear seat) Ford Thunderbird Sports Roadster was not a hit, but it is very attractive to consumers were racing version of "compact »Ford Falcon like Falcon Sprint, which combined capacity of a family sedan with a brighter appearance and some improved dynamics.

Ford Falcon Sprint - conceptual ancestor of the original Mustang, and the donor of many components and assemblies.

This influenced the choice of a new concept vehicle and the Mustang was a four-five-seater coupe "classic" layout on a modified chassis Falcon. And from the mid-engine concept car is inherited only air intakes behind the doors, which, of course, were false. The prototype was built in 1963 and had a much bolder design than the subsequent production model.

The name of the car, too, was born at once. Originally it was developed as a Special Falcon. Later offered names such as: Cougar - this name was proposed car designer J. Oros; Torino; T-Bird II - proposed by Henry Ford II in honor of already produced Ford Thunderbird; Bronco, Puma, Cheetah, Colt and others. Many do not use the names were later assigned to another car company.

The final version of the design was developed by the Division Mercury-Lincoln Division, mainly David Ash (David Ash) and John Oros (John Oros).

Most of the mechanical "stuffing" was unified with the already produced models Ford Falcon and Ford Fairlane, which allowed lower price base set to $ 2.368, and - significantly reduce the cost of maintenance and repair. Because of this Mustang was attractive to a wide range of customers.
[Edit]
The first generation (1964-1973)
[Edit]
1964-1966 model year

Fastback.

Convertible model in 1966.

The first Mustang left the assembly line the morning of 9 March 1964, and by the end of the same year sold 263,434 cars.

In mid-1965 was presented in the body of a fastback model, aimed against the competitive model Plymouth Barracuda and looking harmonious base coupe. Very attractive in appearance and had a car with a body convertible (cabriolet).

As the basis of stylistic design was used "key" successful luxury coupe Continental Mark II mid-fifties, with its distinctive proportions with a long hood and short trunk and plastic body side with a break in the rear wheel arches. However, in comparison with him looks "Mustang" was less strict and more dynamic.

Design for its time was considered very successful, although unconventional in America - even expressed the opinion that in this respect, "Mustang" with its clean lines of a relatively compact body and a moderate amount of chromium in the finish was closer to Europe, and not to the mass of the American models years with characteristic oversized and excessive enthusiasm shiny ornaments.

From a technical point of view, the car was not a revelation.

The base engine is a well-known in the U.S. six-cylinder power unit of the Ford Falcon, bored to 170 cubic inches (about 2.8 liters.), He aggregated mechanical three-stage and two-and three-speed automatic transmissions.

The front suspension was largely borrowed from the same "Falkena", and is designed as a variant of the usual two parallelogram suspension wishbone - in this case, a shock absorber with a spring in the block was put in the space between the arms and placed on the upper arm. This suspension (in America it is called «double-wishbone») was a little smaller than a regular parallelogram, in particular, freeing up space for large engines V8. Anti-roll bar was offered as an option.

The rear suspension was dependent, with longitudinal semi-elliptic leaf springs and rigid beam axle.

Brake drums were based on all wheels, brake booster was offered as an option. Completes the picture worm steering with swirling balls of "Falkena" with a large ratio (power steering at that time was in the class with respect malovostrebovannoy option).

As a result, although the handling and driving characteristics and were better than the base model - "Falkena" - due to a lower center of gravity and revised chassis settings, but not much.

In 1965, the standard Mustang interior administered separately adjustable driver's seat and the passenger, radio AM, the shift lever on the floor. Also available are optional visor, mechanical remote control mirror, floor console and bench front seat. Also one of the options was the interior «Rally-Pac»: clock and tachometer mounted on the steering column. He was available for $ 69.30 (with the installation of an approved $ 75.95).

In April 1965, the package offered to customers GT, it includes: tuned suspension, better steering, front disc brakes, dual exhaust system and a special body paint.

Particularly powerful version of the famous racing driver Carroll Shelby studio - Shelby GT350 - produced in the body fastback, were equipped 289th engine V8, uprated to 306 hp and sold in stores for everyone.

In 1966, the base Mustang was equipped with a base 120-horsepower in-line arrangement of six cylinders and a capacity of 200 cubic inches (3.2 liters). In the form of options are available in three 289's engine V8, 200 to 271 hp Version of the Shelby GT350 was now available in four colors, with automatic transmission and a mechanical supercharger Paxton, enables us to achieve certain engine speed to increase the power of 420-430 hp Also in the 1966 Mustang was one of the first mono car radio with bands AM / FM, the sun visors become standard equipment.

When Germany began selling Ford Mustang, revealed that the name is already registered. The German company offered to sell the rights for $ 10,000. Ford refused and removed the icon «Mustang», naming it for the German market "T-5".
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1967-1968 model year

Ford Mustang coupe with

Salon 1967 model.

By 1967 model year Mustang added to the length and height, respectively, underwent a transformation, most body panels. Front began to look more "aggressive", changed fastback, which the rear window and the trunk lid is now located on the same line.

Ford Mustang GT 390, was remembered by many for the feature film Bullitt, was designed to be equivalent to compete with Chevrolet Camaro SS 396. Market demands powerful cars, and Carol Shelby could not respond and introduced Shelby GT500 - even more powerful modification Mustang. Under the hood of new items was 7000 cc V8, which develops 335 hp In 1968, the Mustang received a simpler grille and 427-e engines, power 390 hp, well on the street. In the same year, on April 1, Ford announced its one of the most famous engines - 428 Cobra Jet, with plates of valves larger area and air intake Ram Air, which at rated at 550 hp easily developed all 610. In the same year the modification GT350 and GT500 were called Shelby Cobra, and was made available cabriolet.

At the same time, continued to be produced and a modest six-cylinder models, offers a bright sporty appearance and image for a reasonable price.

In 1968, first introduced the three-point seat belts. Package «Rally-Pac» is no longer offered as a new toolbar has already had a tachometer and clock.
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1969-1970 model year

By 1969 model year Ford Mustang suffered repeated upgrades, more away from the original concept: the same wheelbase length of the car has increased by 3.8 inches (about 10 cm), weight - 140 pounds (~ 70 kg), and the model line , new version - cheap E, luxury and sports BOSS Grande and Mach 1. Ford Mustang in 1969 was the first model to use the scheme chetyrehfarnoy head light, lights were placed inside and outside of the grille.

Modification of the Index BOSS 302 was built to compete with the Camaro Z/28 racing Trans AM. Version with a 429-m V8 rated at 375 hp intended for NASCAR and package Ram Air-induction and special exhaust manifolds. Under the hood was a Mach 1 351-second V8, optional and you can order a limited-slip rear axle inter-wheel differential and even engine 428 Cobra Jet. Shelby Cobra version was available in fastback and convertible body styles, and became more and more luxurious, manned engine 428 Cobra Jet V8 power of 335 hp

Shelby GT500 1969

In the 1970 model year, Ford has taken a wait-and left virtually untouched Mustang model, changing only the front and making a few minor updates. This was the last year for modifications Shelby Cobra, which remained largely intact from last year, as opposed to the base Mustang.
[Edit]
1971-1973 model year

In 1971, all "of muscle-karam" had tight, and Mustang are not left out. Developed under the leadership of the new design manager, Semon «Bunkie» Knudsen (jumping out of General Motors), and rose again the car weight by almost 100 pounds (about 50 kg) lost originality and harmony, for which the judges are so fond of "original" copies of the 1964 classic -66 years.

In addition to the Shelby Cobra, disappeared and modification BOSS 302 and BOSS 429. Modification of the Mach 1, completed with the famous 351st Cleveland V8 engine producing 285 hp was still available. Presented the new BOSS 351, which is faster than at a distance of 1/4 mile than the 429 Super Cobra Jet Ram Air.

One of the latest versions of the first generation.

In 1972, the U.S. government standards have changed, and now all of the engines had to be evaluated under the new system - the car tested is intact, with all attachments, as has long been adopted in the rest of the world. As a result, the basic 250 cc (approximately 4 liters) engine I6 Mustang assessed only 99 hp and a top 351-th V8 (~ 5,7 l.) On the new system was rated at 275 forces.

Modification of the BOSS 351 is no longer offered and the only sports version was considered Mach 1.

Following a powerful version in 1973 came sunset and most Mustang - engine power ratings downgraded again, and it turned out that the base engine gave out 95 hp, and the most powerful 351-cid V8 - total 156 forces.

This was the last year of production Mustang. In 1974, there was another model, named Mustang II, and had nothing to do with the legendary Muscle Car.
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Second generation (1974-1978)

Mustang II (1974-78 gg.) Marked revision of the concept of the American Pony Car'a in the petrol crisis and the changing tastes of consumers. However, the car was much closer to the original concept of 1964, later than the first-generation model, little resembling the model's first release outside and strongly grown in size and weight, which became at that time the president of Ford Motors Lee Iacocca, the author of the original concept Mustanga'64, disparagingly called "Behemoth." For the 1974 model year it initiated the development of a new, much reduced in size, "Mustang" under the slogan of a return to the roots, to be exact - to the original concept.

Hatchback.

Coupe-Notchback.

And really - Mustang II was conceptually very similar to the original version of 1964: A small compartment sufficiently pure form with the Italian design from Ghia (designer - Alessandro de Tomaso), established on the basis of subcompact Ford Pinto and close to the popular class of imported models like the Toyota Celica or Ford Capri. The design used thematic elements of early Mustang, but in general the car was apparently in the "mainstream" Ford mid-1970s and is a lot like its prototype Pinto.

The car was by American standards is very small (just over Soviet Moskvich-2141), even less than the original model in 1964, and had in the base bored to 2.3 liter inline four-cylinder engine from the European Ford Kent, who developed a disgrace to America 86 hp . The choice of the power unit is conditioned by considerations of fuel economy. As options are available with 2.8-liter V6 Cologne and since 1975 - small by American standards, V8 4.9-liter. However, against the background of universal reduction in engine power and withdrawal from the market most of Muscle Cars new "Mustang" seemed fairly dynamic for its time, and low fuel consumption base "four" has attracted buyers who wanted to have a car with bright appearance and sporty image, but did not want to to pay more for insurance and gasoline - are also seen a return to the original concept Mustang'a.

Automobile has had trade designation Hardtop, however, he had a central rack, covered chrome strip, and the rear windows were firmly fixed in the opening - that is a real body, "two-door hardtop" just imitated. In fact, it was a coupe-Notchback. Along with the three-door hatchback coupe produced. Convertible was not present, there was only a modification based on the hatchback with a body napominyuschim targa - hardtop was made in the form of the letter T. suggested for luxe accessories from Ghia with a modified interior and vinyl top, as well as top-end Mach 1 with stosilnym engine V6. Later, there was a small V8 engine with 140 hp for a volume of 4.9 liters.

Structurally the car was close to the European model: had sprung rear suspension, rack and pinion steering, four-cylinder engine and four-manual transmission in the base. The engine was mounted on a separate subframe, reducing noise and vibration. Even many dimensions, especially the engines were metric, not inch.

From the point of view of modern fans, Mustang II is often regarded as a dark page in the history of the model. However, in the seventies this car waiting warm welcome from customers: Mustang II was one of the best selling in the history of the model. During the first four years of production each year to sell about 400,000 cars.
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Third generation (1979-1993)

A rare early version of the third generation with 4 lights (1979-1986 year)

In 1979, a new generation of Mustang. The technical basis of the car has become a platform Fox Platform, on the basis of which had already been established compact Ford Fairmont and Mercury Zephyr. Later, based on the same platform were created by Ford Thunderbird, Ford LTD, American Ford Granada, and even the Lincoln Continental in 1982, which has resulted in a high unification lineup. Appearance and size of the car looks like a European Fords that time and Sierra models of Scorpio. The base engine also were European, but, in contrast to European models, the Mustang in top trim staged V8 large enough.

After the second oil crisis of 1979, the production of motor «Ford Windsor 302 V8» (4,9 l) was dropped in favor of a new «Ford Windsor 255 V8» (4,2 l) with less fuel consumption. It was the only engine V8, which is offered in 1980 and 1981, and the weakest V8 (120 hp (89 kW)), ever puts on Mustang. This meant that «2,3 L Turbo 4" is the most efficient engine to date. But «Turbo 4" faced a lot of problems related to reliability - insufficient lubrication can result in premature turbocharger failure and even fire. He was listed as an option in 1981, but sales fell, and in 1982 it was only available in Canada.

Ford Mustang revival began in 1982 with the return of «Ford Windsor 302 V8» (4,9 l) in version «High Output», he developed 157 hp (117 kW), thanks to new valves, new shape of the combustion chamber, a large double chamber carburettor and improved intake and exhaust systems. Engine «3.8 L Essex V6» Ryadnov replaced six 3,3 L.

In 1983, after five years of production, the third generation, there have been some changes and improvements. Also, after a 10-year hiatus, was offered with a body Mustang convertible. Most convertibles were equipped with engine V6, although they were also made in 1001 with an engine modification GT V8. Mustang GT received a four-barrel carburetor and a new intake manifold, resulting in increased power to 175 hp (130 kW). The turbocharged four-cylinder (2.3 liter) is also back in the list of options (for version «Turbo GT», equipped with «Traction-Lok» - slip differential), but now with fuel injection and a capacity of 145 hp (108 kW).

20th anniversary of the release of Ford Mustang'a (in 1984) was released a limited edition version of the GT350, was approximately 5100 hatchbacks and convertibles. They were equipped with engines or 2,3 Turbo or 302 V8. 302 V8 engine has two variants - with four-barrel carburetor or with a new electronic fuel injection (165 hp (123 kW)). Also in 1984, a new rear suspension «Quadra Shock». From 1984 to 1986 he produced the version Mustang SVO, which had a more powerful turbocharged 2.3 liter inline engine power of 175 hp at first (130 kW) and then boosted to 205 hp (153 kW) in 1985 and 200 hp (149 kW) in 1986. Disc brakes on all wheels, 16-inch wheels and a rear spoiler are just some of the notable differences between «SVO» and the rest of the "Mustang". However, the high price, which was a thousand dollars more than the Mustang V8 GT, scared off many potential buyers.

In 1985, the Mustang GT got a new cylinder head, new quad Holley, new, more aggressive camshafts (only for models with a manual transmission), new exhaust manifold, and a pseudo-dual exhaust. Rated power was claimed 210 hp (157 kW). It was the last carbureted V8 for Mustang'a, in 1986 Ford released the first V8, which had multipoint fuel injection, 200 hp (150 kW).

In 1987, the car has undergone a substantial restyling since fans Mustang'a Ford cars share the third generation into two segments: 1979-1986 model year vehicles, which is popularly known as «foureyes», and cars 1987-1993, known as «aeronoses "because of the different look of the front of the car. The rear lights and rear windows lost lattice design elements. Production version of V6 was discontinued, and the 4-cylinder engine received fuel injection. With the new cylinder head V8 engine power jumped to 225 hp (410 Nm of torque).

Beginning in 1990, has become a standard driver's airbag. Ford is the only sign on the 25th anniversary of the Ford Mustang'a - small logo rushing horses gallop on all models built in the period from 27 March 1989 to the end of the 1990 model.

In 1992, 2.3L I4 engine received a revised cylinder head with two spark plugs per cylinder, increasing capacity from 88 to 105 hp

Production of Ford Mustang'a stopped in 1993, with the introduction of the fourth generation of Mustangs.
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Fourth generation (1994-2004)
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1994-1998

In 1994, the Mustang survived the first major redesign in 15 years. Design, code-named «SN-95", was based on an updated version of the rear-wheel drive platform «Fox», called «Fox-4." It was made in a completely new style, developed by Patrick Schiavone, and had some elements similar to the first Mustang.

1994 Mustang with a "rounded" body

The base model had a V-shaped 6-cylinder engine with 3.8 liters capacity of 145 (1994-1995) and 150 (1996-1998) hp (108 kW). Package GT was already 8-cylinder engine and 5-liter capacity 228 hp There was also a model with a five-liter Cobra engine with 240 hp (179 kW). Mustang is the third time was named "Car of the Year," the magazine Motor Trend magazine's.

In 1996, the 5-liter engine «Windsor» was replaced by 215-horsepower (160kW) 4.6-liter SOHC «Modular» V8, with two valves per cylinder. This engine was originally introduced in cars Lincoln and was part of the modernization program Ford'a range of engines.

In 1998, the capacity of the 4.6-liter engine has been increased to 225 hp (168 kW) due to more aggressive settings chip, slightly reworked fuel system and a louder exhaust pipes with larger diameters. It was last year, "inflated" Mustangs and the only year in which the buyer offers equipment «Sport», which included a black vinyl (regardless of the color of the car) on the hood and the famous triple twin taillights.
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1999-2004

Mustang in the style of New Edge.

Updated model with a design based on the concept of «New Edge», appeared in 1999. Most flowing lines available to the model 94-98 years, are gone, but the Mustang is still based on the platform of SN-95. The base model is still equipped with engine V6, 3.8 liter capacity. Thanks to the new cylinder head, intake and exhaust manifolds capacity increased compared to versions for dorestaylingovyh cars to 190 hp (142 kW) at 5250 r / min. And with the introduction of the 2001 intake manifold with variable geometry - up to 193 hp (144 kW) at 5500 r / min. Power GT-modification has been increased to 260 hp (194 kW) at 5250 r / min and torque - to 409 Nm at 4000 r / min by using new «Power Improved» (PI) cylinder heads, shafts, and the intake manifold. The new 16-valve 4.6-liter engine is more powerful engines used in 1996-1998. Mustang got a fuel line with a constant pressure associated with the PCM fuel pressure sensor.

The updated Cobra was a 320-hp engine with a 4.6 32-valve, independent rear suspension and modified front bumper and hood, which distinguished it from the version of the GT.

Now Mustang GT overcame Quarter 14 with a small seconds, a speed at the finish of 96 + miles / hour (for comparison, GT '1998 - 14,5 seconds at 93-95 miles / hour).

1999 and 2004 model years, was the anniversary of the model. At these times the machine off the production line with special nameplates on the front fenders: «35th Anniversary» and «40th Anniversary» respectively. Despite this, in 1999, the anniversary limited edition included only 4628 cars.

All were complete GT and differed from the other some changes in the external design.

In 2001 he published a limited edition accessories Bullitt, in honor of the eponymous film of 1968.

In 2003 returned to Mach 1, the roots of which grow out of the first generation of Mustangs. Cars in this series are equipped with engines V8 4,6 with increased compression, four camshafts and 32 valves. Intake air enters through a functional air intake in the center of the hood. In this configuration, the engine gave out 305 hp and let the machine run for Quarter 13.8 seconds at a speed of more than 102 at the output of miles / hour

Also in 2003, all models Cobra began installing 4.6 engines with mechanical supercharger Eaton. The return was not long in coming: 390 hp power and 530 Nm of torque. With the passage of such indicators quarter mile decreased to 13 seconds.
[Edit]
The fifth generation 2005 - present

North American International Auto Show in 2004, Ford introduced a completely redesigned Mustang, code-named «S-197", which was based on a completely new platform D2C. Developed under the direction of Chief Engineer Hau Thai-Tang and designer Sid Ramnarace, seemingly repeats the fifth generation Mustang Mustang "fastback" of the late 1960s. Senior vice president of Ford's project, J Mays, called it "retro futurism." Fifth-generation Mustang is going in Flat Rock Michigan in a joint venture of Ford and Mazda (AutoAlliance International)

Ford Mustang Convertible V

The base model is equipped with Ford's engine size V6 of 4.0 liters with system timing SOHC, which replaces the 3.8 liter version used since 2004. The new engine delivers power 210 hp at 5300 rpm and torque of 325 Newton-meters at 3,500 rpm. This engine comes with a standard five-speed manual gearbox «Tremec T-5." Optional five-speed automatic is set «5R55S».

Mustang GT version allocates 4.6 L SOHC «Modular» V8 with 3 valves per cylinder and variable valve timing system VCT, which produces 300 hp (224 kW), revised suspension settings, large fog lights in the grille at the front and rear dual exhaust. In the 2005 version the approximate ratio of weight-to-power is 11.5 pounds per horsepower. Though the Mustang GT comes the same automatic transmission as the model V6, you can optionally install 5 speed manual Tremec 3650, with which you can use the extra power of the GT more efficiently. It is worth mentioning version "Shelby GT-H" (2006-2007), Shelby GT (2007-2008) as a subclass GT version with a slight increase in power and a certain design package, and Shelby GT500, sold in May 2006, equipped with a 5.4L engine 500 hp (370 KV)

Photo updated model in 2010, the production of which began in April 2009, were presented on the Internet before the show car at the auto show in Los Angeles.

Updated Mustang got a new body builder hardware (except the roof) and a more aggressive design. It looks more compact than their predecessors, but the actual size remained the same. In this case, the drag coefficient is reduced by 4% in the basic version and by 7% in the version GT. The car is made according to the design Peter'a Horbury - Director of the North American subsidiary of Ford. [1] Engine 4.6L v8 now provide power 315l.s. and the moment 441n.m. Engine 5.4L Shelby GT500 increased power to 540 hp

In addition, in 2011 the engine range refreshed: new 3.7L V6 with aluminum block with a capacity of 305 hp and torque 380n.m. replaces the basic 4-liter, thus making it easier for the car by 18 pounds. GT version received 32-valve engine with 5.0 liters (called Coyote 5.0) power of 412 hp (307 sq. m.) And 530 NM torque on gasoline with an octane rating of 91, or 402 hp (300 sq. m.) And 511 NM torque on gasoline with an octane rating of 87. However, some tests have shown that Ford underestimated the power of this engine, and the real power reaches 435 hp Engine 5.4L Shelby GT500 was an aluminum block, losing weight 46 kg. and increased to 550 hp power.

In 2012 he was presented the new Mustang Boss 302, the motor 302 Hi-Po Ti-VCT V8, is a version of Coyote 5.0 with increasing height lift valves and lightweight components, with a capacity of 444 hp (520 NM).

In the spring of 2012 were presented to the 2013 model year version: V6 and GT have air vents and grilles as the GT500 version 2011. Engine GT version will increase the power by 8 hp (Up to 420 hp (313 KV)). Shelby GT500 has a new 5.8L V8 engine capacity of 650 hp (494 KV) (a record for a motor v8) and a top speed of over 320 km / hr. LED front lights now standard, not an option. 6-speed automatic was able to manually switch (optional).

Dodge Viper

buchkovskiy90 — Mon, 15 Oct 2012 18:08:15 GMT

Dodge Viper:

The creation of this sports car began in 1989, but sales model appeared three years later. This is because Americans have made every effort to Viper has the most advanced machine on the market. Last car of this model came off the assembly line in 2010. In less than 20 years has been released 4th generation model, as well as hundreds of modifications from tuning studio.

Dodge Viper (Rus Dodge Viper) - a sports car company Dodge (division of Chrysler Corporation). Production of two-seater began in 1992 at the factory New Mack Assembly. In October 1995, production was moved to the plant Conner Avenue Assembly, where he continued until recently. The car and its numerous modifications, often seen in various TV shows, video games, movies, and music videos. Production discontinued July 1, 2010. Chrysler Group management has decided to stop production of this car - 1 July 2010 in the presence of representatives of the Detroit Motor City Viper Club and the National Viper Club of America rolled off the last instance of the model, which was painted with gold paint. The last car was referred to the General Dodge Viper fans in the U.S. Rauch family from Texas, which owns the largest collection of Viper in the world - now they have in the garage, there are 40 different Viper model years. [1] In the future Dodge Viper will be releasing Fiat.Soderzhanie [remove ]
The story of one
2 The first generation (1989-1995)
3 Second generation (1996-2002)
4 Third generation (2003-2006)
5 Fourth generation (2008-2010)
6 Options for tuning firms and concept cars
6.1 Viper GT2
6.2 Viper ACR
6.3 Mopar Concept Coupe
6.4 Firepower
6.5 Copperhead
7 Motorsports
7.1 Viper GTS-R
7.2 Viper Competition Coupe
7.3 Advances in motorsports Viper
8 Notes
9 References
10 Links

[Edit]
The story of

Dodge Viper was conceived as a continuation of the traditions of classic American sports car. The legendary AC Cobra was a source of inspiration with a powerful engine, minimalist design, aggressive style.

Dodge Viper was born in late 1988 in the design studio Chrysler. In February next year, Chrysler president Bob Lutz suggested to Tom Gale of Chrysler Design consider the establishment of the modern "Cobra". The first model was introduced by Lutz a few months later. In the metal the car appeared as a concept car at the North American International Auto Show «North American International Auto Show» in 1989. This concept car was originally named Copperhead (name of rattlesnakes in the U.S.) because of its characteristic appearance. The name was changed in later on Viper, but all of the engines for the Viper since known as "Copperhead". Community concept car met with enthusiasm and chief engineer Roy Sjeoberg selected 85 engineers in the "Viper team." The group appealed to the division Chrysler - Lamborghini to provide several prototypes of aluminum cylinder blocks, based on the V10 engine from the pickups Dodge. The body was completed in the fall, and the chassis of the prototype in December. Although the tests used engine V8, V10 engine was ready in February 1990.

Official approval from Chrysler chairman Lee Iacocca was received in May 1990. One year later, Carroll Shelby piloted a pilot version of the car in the Indianapolis 500 race. Starting in January 1992 the delivery of the car dealers.
[Edit]
The first generation (1989-1995)
Dodge Viper first generation

Dodge Viper first generation on Commons
General dannyeProizvoditel: Dodge
, Made in the years: 1989-1995

DizaynTip (s) Body Style: 2 bits. Roadster (2 seats).
Layout: perednemotornaya, RWD

Engines [show]
8.0 Viper V10

Transmission
6-speed manual
Body modification [show]
Viper RT/10

Characteristics
DinamicheskieRazgon to 100 km / h: 4.6
Max. speed: 290 km / h

DrugoeObem tank capacity: 83 liters
Designer Tom Gale (Tom Gale)

Dodge Viper in 1993, rear view

Dodge Viper engine in 1993

The engine is based on a Magnum V10 engine in a series of Chrysler LA. In its original form the engine truck was too heavy for a sports car, and Lamborghini, then owned subsidiary Chrysler, replacing cast-iron block V10 for a block of aluminum. Chrysler, because of doubts the potential of Viper and reduce production costs refused to establish a head with four valves per cylinder.

The engine weighs 323 kg and developed 400 hp (300 kW) at 4600 r / min and maximum torque of 630 Nm at 3600 r / min. The power supply system - multi-point fuel injection with electronic controls, lubrication system - with a "dry" crankcase emission control system - with two catalytic converters on a metal base (making them more compact than a ceramic core). The elements of the exhaust system made of Nomex - a composite material used in space technology.

Body with a framework of steel pipes with fiberglass panels. Exhaust pipes are derived in rapids that add an exotic car. Transmission: Dry single disc clutch, manual six-speed transmission company T-56 Borg-Warner, the drive - the rear wheels. All-wheel independent suspension, double wishbone and springs with stabilizer bars front and rear. Steering - rack, with power, speed steering from lock to lock - 2.4. Brakes - disc with all-wheel drive, hydraulic dual-circuit, power assisted.

Dodge Viper first generation had a curb weight of 1486 kg, but had no traction control or anti-lock brakes. Despite his weight, he walked the quarter mile in 12.6 seconds and had a top speed of over 290 km / h Tires Michelin-XGTZ, size front - 275/40ZR17, Rear - 335/35ZR17.

Vehicle interior was spartan but had airbags in the seats to support the lumbar spine. Along with the absence of external door handles, the car had no side windows and roof. Although there was a soft removable top, but it is intended primarily for the outdoor storage of the vehicle. All of these solutions have been designed to reduce weight. Battery is in the sealed section of the rear wheel.

[Edit]
Second generation (1996-2002)

Dodge Viper RT/10
Dodge Viper second generation

Dodge Viper second generation on Commons
General dannyeProizvoditel: Dodge
, Made in the years: 1996-2002

DizaynKomponovka: perednemotornaya, RWD

Engines [show]
8.0 Viper V10

Transmission
6-speed manual
Body modification [show]
Viper RT/10
[Show]
Viper GTS

Characteristics
DinamicheskieRazgon to 100 km / h: 4.0
Max. speed: 310 km / h

DrugoeDizayner Tom Gale (Tom Gale)

Despite the similar appearance, the car from the first generation of a relatively strong. Changes: redesigned lightweight (up to 290 kg) engine with more power (450 hp) and maximum torque = 664 Nm, lighter car, almost completely altered chassis, which is 27 kg lighter and 25% stiffer achieved by careful computer analysis, modified suspension, upgraded tires, reduced stopping distances. Anti-lock braking system (ABS) in the basic version was not originally installed - only as an option, although the braking it improved slightly.

Two front airbags were added in 1996 to modify Viper GTS, and in 1997 and R/T10, in accordance with the decision of the government.

Dodge Viper GTS

In 1996, there was a modification to the coupe model called the Viper GTS. A characteristic feature - the roof called "double bubble," raised above each seat to allow the use of helmets. Viper GTS could often be seen participating in various competitions and, like his predecessor (first generation Viper), he was selected as the safety car (pace car) Indianapolis 500 race in 1996.

Minor evolutionary changes including new 18 "wheels were introduced in the model 1999. Later versions introduced lightweight pistons and modified exhaust system (side exhaust pipes in thresholds were moved back.) In 1999 introduced leather seats as an option. ABS in basic package was introduced in 2001. in 2002, was issued 360 commemorative copies of "The Final Editions." These models were painted red with white stripes.

[Edit]
Third generation (2003-2006)
Dodge Viper third generation

Dodge Viper third generation on Commons
General dannyeProizvoditel: Dodge
, Made in the years: 2003-2006

DizaynKomponovka: perednemotornaya, RWD

Engines [show]
8.3 Viper V10

Transmission
T56 Tremec 6-speed manual
Body modification [show]
Viper SRT-10
[Show]
Viper SRT-10 Coupe

Characteristics
DinamicheskieRazgon to 100 km / h: 4.0 s
Max. speed: 315 km / h

Dodge Viper engine in 2004

Dodge Viper in 2006

In 2003, the Dodge Viper unit DaimlerChrysler Street Racing Technology (abbreviated SRT) have been made a great change. The new Dodge Viper SRT-10 has become more angular. The engine was increased working volume (up to 8.3 liters) with the power increase to 500 hp and maximum torque to 712 Nm, the engine weight was reduced to 230 kg. The chassis also has improved, it has become more rigid in torsion and lighter by 36 kg. More rigid and lighter chassis used in version Hennessey Viper Venom 1000 Twin Turbo. In 2004, Dodge introduced a limited edition with Service «Mamba edition cars» - black interior with red trim.

Viper SRT-10 Coupe was introduced in 2005 by «Detroit Auto Show» Detroit. He also retained the characteristic features of its predecessor - the roof called "double bubble," raised above each seat.

[Edit]
Fourth generation (2008-2010)
Dodge Viper fourth generation

Dodge Viper fourth generation on Commons
General dannyeProizvoditel: Dodge
, Made in the years: 2008-2010

DizaynKomponovka: perednemotornaya, RWD

Engines [show]
8.4 Viper V10

Transmission
Tremec TR6060 six-speed manual
Body modification [show]
Viper SRT-10
[Show]
Viper SRT-10 Coupe

Characteristics
GabaritnyeKolesnaya mass base: 2510 mm

DinamicheskieRazgon to 100 km / h: 3.5
Max. speed: 322 km / h

Dodge Viper SRT-10

Dodge Viper SRT-10

In 2008 the engine was improved - 600 hp (450 kW) at 6000 r / min and 760 Nm at 5100 r / min, and increased valves, modified combustion chambers, variable valve timing system. The engine was brought by McLaren and Ricardo Consulting Engineers. Electronic engine control developed by Continental AG.

Changes outside the engine less extreme. Tremec T56 transmission has been replaced with a new Tremec TR6060. The rear axle is viskomufta GKN. New tires Michelin Pilot Sport 2 made Viper more neutral in cornering. Another notable change is the processing: the exhaust system, electrical system and fuel system.

[Edit]
Options for tuning firms and concept cars
[Edit]
Viper GT2

In order to meet FIA homologation requirements as well as to commemorate the victory of Chrysler in 1997 in the class GT2, sold 100 modified Viper GT2 Championship Edition. These cars, power 460 hp (343 kW) and 678 Nm of torque, got a body with an improved aerodynamic package. Maximum speed 290 km / h
[Edit]
Viper ACR

In 1999 he published a model of the American Club Racing (ACR). The model is certified for public roads. Capacity was increased to 460 hp (370 kW) and torque to 678 N m Weight has been reduced by more than 23 kg. Model lacks the interior, remove any other elements, such as fog lights, sound system, hood insulation, carpet in the boot and a pump for pumping the tires. The new rigid adjustable suspension removed another 6.4 kg. These models look different on aggressive body kit, larger rear wing on the trunk and the new 20-spoke wheels company BBS, shod in low-profile sport tires Michelin Pilot Sport Cup.

In 2007, released the new ACR. Its modernization - new brakes, adjustable suspension, aerodynamic body kit. Under the long hood mounted 8.4-liter engine developing 600 hp Along with the motor running manual transmission Tremec T56 TR6060 with upgraded differential GKN ViscoLok. Weight is also decreased by as much as 36 kg - removed radio, speakers, amplifier, trunk carpet, etc. When the work to accelerate to 100 km / h takes place in just 3 seconds and a top speed of 305 km / h Cope with the car at high speeds allows adjustable racing suspension and brakes firm KW Brembo. Aerodynamic components are produced and installed on the vehicle in Rochester Hills, Michigan. In the U.S., the cost Dodge Viper SRT10 American Club Race was 100 thousand dollars.

In 2009, the Viper SRT-10 ACR set a record Nürburgring - the fastest lap of 7:22.1.
[Edit]
Mopar Concept Coupe

The prototype 2008 Mopar Viper Coupe with 675 hp, appeared in 2007 on the North American International Auto Show. There are currently no plans for production.
[Edit]
Firepower

Chrysler Firepower

Chrysler Firepower was based on the Dodge Viper, and the features used Chrysler Crossfire. Engine - 6.1 L Hemi V8 rated at 425 hp (317 kW), accelerates to 100 km / h in 4.5 seconds. Designers are responsible for the development of: Brian Nielander (exterior design) and Greg Howell (interior). Currently, Chrysler has officially announced that the Firepower will not work.
[Edit]
Copperhead

Dodge Copperhead - a concept car based on the platform of Viper, was intended as a cheaper, more nimble car. Was provided for the engine V6. Model assembly line is not reached.
[Edit]
Motorsport

After the appearance of Viper in 1992, several North American and European teams attempted to race in the Viper RT/10. Using almost stock cars, they have not achieved much success.
[Edit]
Viper GTS-R

Dodge Viper GTS-R

Based on the Viper GTS, GTS-R was launched in late 1995. Upgrading components such as the engine block, cylinder heads, and crankshaft, Dodge engineers were able to extract 750 hp (559 kW) instead of the standard 450 hp (Second generation, 8.0 liter engine V10). The chassis has been re-organized from the ground up by British sports car manufacturer Reynard Motorsport (chief engineer Paul Brown).

The car debuted at the 1996 race, "24 Daytona". Team Oreca Viper made with the victory in the FIA GT Championship three times, in the race "24 Hours of Le Mans" won three times, and won the "24 Hours of Daytona" in 2000.

Between 1999 and 2002, the team won the Zakspeed "24 Hours Nürburgring" three times.

After the official support of the plant in 2001, Viper GTS-R used by private teams with great success until 2007.
[Edit]
Viper Competition Coupe

Dodge Viper Competition Coupe

In 2003, on the basis of "Viper SRT-10 Coupe" was created by "Viper Competition Coupe". The power and torque compared to the base model have been improved, removed carpeting, appliances, air conditioning, stereo, easing the car to 170 kg. Competition Coupe is sold through dealers, and you can purchase it directly from Dodge, as it is a very expensive car. The cost is around 140 000 USD.

In 2004 Samuel Hubinette used a modified Viper Competition Coupe to race Formula D, in which he won the title before the car was banned until the end of the season.

Since 2006, the Competition Coupe was first introduced to Europe in the FIA GT3 European Championship with the Italian team Racing Box.
[Edit]
Viper achievements in motorsport
2008 British GT Championship - winning J. Gornall & J. Barnes
2007 British GT Championship - winning B. Ellis & A. Mortimer
2007 Brazilian GT3 Championship
2007 24 hours of Nurburgring - SP8 Class, winning team Zakspeed
2006 Australian GT Championship - winning Greg Crick
2006 Dutch Supercar Challenge - win Hans Ambaum
2006 Formula D - Championship - winning Samuel Hubinette
2006 24 hours of Nurburgring - SP8 Class, winning team Zakspeed
2006 24 hours of Spa G3 - winning team Signa Racing
2005 FFSA GT Championship - winning O. Thevenin & P. Bornhauser
2005 24 hours of Nurburgring - A8 Class, winning P. Zakowski, R. Lechner & S. Bert
2004 SCCA Speed GT - Drivers Championship victory Tommy Archer
2004 FFSA GT Championship - winning P. Bornhauser
2004 Formula D - Championship, winning Samuel Hubinette
2004 Belcar Championship
2004 Italian GT Championship
2004 1000 Miles of Brazil - the victory of S. Zonca, A Lancellotti & F. Gollin
2003 FFSA GT Championship - victory D. Defourny & P. Goueslard
2003 Belcar Championship - winning team GLPK
2003 Italian GT Championship - winning Team Racing Box
2003 Swedish GTR Championship - winning Team Tre Q AB
2003 EuroSeries GT Championship - team win Michael Martin Racing System
2002 FIA GT Championship - GT1 Drivers, victory Christophe Bouchut
2002 FIA GT Championship - GT1 Teams, winning Larbre Competition
2002 Belcar Championship - winning Team GLPK
2002 Swedish GTR Championship - winning Team OKA Racing
2002 24 hours of Nurburgring - Overall victory, the victory of Peter Zakowski, R. Lechner & P. Lamy
2002 Spa 24 Hours - victory C. Bouchut, S. Bourdais, D. Terrien & V. Vosse
2001 FIA GT Championship - GT1 Drivers, victory Christophe Bouchut & Jean-Philippe Belloc
2001 FIA GT Championship - GT1 Teams, winning Larbre Competition
2001 FFSA GT Championship - victory D. Dupuy & F. Fiat
2001 24 hours of Nurburgring - win Peter Zakowski, M. Bartels & P. Lamy
2001 Spa 24 Hours - victory C. Bouchut, J.P. Belloc & M. Duez
2001 1000 km of Fuji Endurance Race
2001 Belcar Championship - winning Team GLPK
2001 Swedish GTR Championship - winning Team OKA Racing
2000 FFSA GT Championship - victory D. Dupuy & F. Fiat
2000 Grand-Am - GT2 Class Champion
2000 24 Hours of Daytona - Overall victory
2000 American Le Mans Series - Class Champion, Team Oreca
2000 24 Hours of Le Mans - GTS Class 1st and 2nd place, winning team Oreca
1999 FIA GT Championship - Drivers, winning Olivier Beretta & Karl Wendlinger
1999 FIA GT Championship - Teams, winning Viper Team Oreca
1999 24 Hours of Le Mans - GTS Class 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th place finishes, winning Team Oreca
1999 American Le Mans Series - Class Champion, Team Oreca
1999 VLN German Championship Series - Won every race of season (10/10), Team Zakspeed
1999 24 hours of Nurburgring - win Peter Zakowski, HJ Tiemann, K. Ludwig & M. Duez
1998 FIA GT Championship - GT2 Drivers, winning Olivier Beretta & Pedro Lamy
1998 FIA GT Championship - GT2 Teams, winning Viper Team Oreca
1998 24 Hours of Le Mans GT2 Class 1st and 2nd, the victory of Team Oreca, the first American production car based L to win at Le Mans Le Mans
1997 FIA GT Championship - GT2 Drivers, win Justin Bell
1997 FIA GT Championship - GT2 Teams, winning Viper Team Oreca

Chevrolet Corvette

buchkovskiy90 — Mon, 15 Oct 2012 18:04:07 GMT

Chevrolet Corvette:

This double muscle car is one of the most famous cars in the world and one of the key models in the history of the automobile industry. "Corvette" successfully produced since 1953, and during that time experienced several generations.

Chevrolet Corvette (Chevrolet Corvette) - double rear-drive sports car, sold under the Chevrolet brand by General Motors (GM), the U.S. since 1953.

Nowadays cars Chevrolet Corvette factory assembled General Motors in Bowling Green, Kentucky (main plant), of Flint, Michigan and St. Louis, Missouri.

The car is the first American sports car, created by the American manufacturer. In the city of Bowling Green has a National Museum Corvette cars.

Since 1953, the Chevrolet Corvette has survived several generations.

Contents [hide]
1 C1 (1953-1962)
2 C2 Sting Ray (1963-1967)
3 C3 Stingray (1968-1982)
4 C4 (1983-1996)
5 C5 (1997-2004)
6 C6 (2005-2012)
6.1 Corvette ZR1 Hero Edition
7 The Next Generation
8 Interesting Facts
9 Corvette as an independent brand
10 Sales
11 Notes
12 Sources

[Edit]
C1 (1953-1962)

1958 Chevrolet Corvette C1 convertible

The exhibition Motorama in 1953 presented a brand new car in America - a two-door coupe Chevrolet Corvette. He received a fiberglass body on a metal frame, mounted on a tubular frame, in-line six-cylinder engine capacity of 3.8 liters and 152 hp. with. and two-stage automatic transmission Powerglide. 300 copies were built, all cars were painted white. The photo Corvette 1958 model year - this option was popular last - from 1956 to 1962 produced 69,015 of these machines. It is believed that the main credit for the success of this model belongs to the famous race car driver, Zora Arkus-Dante. He has adapted to the newest Corvette engine family Small Block - 4.3-liter carbureted V8, and a 3-speed manual transmission. And since 1957, it began installing vpryskovym V8 in volume of 4,6 l and 4-step "mechanics". Both options are issued only in the back of a roadster.
[Edit]
C2 Sting Ray (1963-1967)

1963 Chevrolet Corvette C2 Sting Ray coupe

Famous Corvette C2 Sting Ray («Stingray"). Of C2 worked Larry Shinoda (creator of Ford Mustang Boss 302) [1] and William Mitchell. Their efforts received a model independent double wishbone suspension on transverse springs and motors V8 family of Big Block - first 425-horsepower 6.5-liter, and then - 435-strong capacity of 7 liters equipped with carburetors STRUCTURE (Tri Power). C2 production from coupe and convertible. In all, 117,964 were produced cars. In 1963 he was released Grand Sport. Was built only five copies, V8 engine equipped with Weber carburetors chetrmya volume 377 cu. inches (6.2 liters), which develops 550 hp. with.
[Edit]
C3 Stingray (1968-1982)

1982 Chevrolet Corvette C3 coupe

The third concept is based on the Corvette Mako Shark II in 1965, created by David Halls C3 Originally based on units of C2. In 1969 came the latest Small Block volume of 5.7 liters (300 hp.)., And later - Big Block (7 l, 390 hp...) In 1972, the standards were changed measuring engine power, according to which the most powerful 7.4-liter engine develops 270 liters. s, and the engine based on the "small block" a maximum 205 hp With the introduction of new taxes on fuel are gone huge mnogolitrovye Big Block. C3 production volume totaled 542,861 units. Also was released Corvette ZR1 (for racing). Engine gave out 430 liters capacity. with. Pictured in the photo belongs to a copy of a limited edition 25th anniversary, issued in silver metallic color for the 25th anniversary of the first Corvette.God Issued Notice
1968 28566 the first year of C3 Sting Ray, the first T-top
1969 38462 the first year of the engine 350 in ³ Small-Block; now called Stingray
1970 17316 the first year with the engine LT1 Small-Block and 454 in ³ Big-Block
1971 21801 a significant drop in HP
1972 27004 last year with a front chrome bumper, LT1, optional movable rear window
1973 30464 only one year with a chrome rear and a plastic front bumper
1974 37502 last year from 454 in ³ engine
1975 38645 last year convertible versions, up to 1986
1976 46558 small changes
1977 49213 new instrument panel, inscription disappeared Stingray
1978 46776 version of the 25th anniversary, Indy 500 Pace Car, a redesign of the central panel, curved rear glass fastback
1979 53807 new interior, the maximum number of sales for the year
1980 40614 redesigned front and rear bumpers, hood, speedometer up to 85 miles / hour
1981 40606 production moved to St. Louis to a new plant in Bowling Green
1982 25407 only automatic transmission, fuel injection cross-fire, engine L83, Collector's Edition

[Edit]
C4 (1983-1996)

1983 Chevrolet Corvette C4 coupe

Fourth Corvette was not as revolutionary in appearance as the previous generation, but had thought aerodynamics and technical part. This generation Corvette was completed with new 5.7-liter engine with 230 hp. with. In 1986, there was a roadster body with tent top. In all there were 358 180 copies. In 1990, based on the C4 was released Corvette ZR1, equipped with a 375-horsepower V8 model LT5 block with aluminum heads, developed in collaboration with the company Lotus. Camshafts (two per unit) were in the head and on each cylinder were 4 valve, which is unusual for an American engine. Also in 1996, was released on limited edition Chevrolet Corvette C4 Grand Sport, named after the model of the same name in 1963. Was limited to 1000 copies [2]: 810 c coupe and 190 roadsters.
[Edit]
C5 (1997-2004)

1998 Chevrolet Corvette C5 coupe

C5 model, developed by engineer Dave Hill and designer John Kaffaro, has a new platform - the suspension by transverse leaf springs carbon, monocoque body type on a powerful spatial frame, fit the scheme referred to the transaxle to the rear axle 6-speed Tremec T56. An interesting feature of the new platform is the floor construction monocoque, which is a "sandwich" of two metal layers, between which is sandwiched balsa wood plate. Balsa was chosen because beautifully absorbs vibration. The standard version is equipped with engine LS1 (V8, 5.7 liter capacity, the power of 345 hp), and a version Z06 - engine LS6 (V8, 5.7 liter capacity, the power of 385 hp). Beginning in 2002 and until 2004, the version installed advanced Z06 LS6 engine output of 405 hp. Z06 also different schemes pendants - were used aluminum spring, and force the body shell. It was built 247 851 x C5 Corvette in coupe and convertible. For racing series FIA GT and ALMS based in version C5 Z06 built machine class GT1 - Chevrolet Corvette C5.R.
[Edit]
C6 (2005-2012)

2006 Chevrolet Corvette C6 coupe

At the Detroit Motor Show in January 2004, presented to the Corvette C6 Coupe and Convertible. Built on the updated platform model C5, which has the same suspension and a diagram classified ago transmission, C6-th received new engine volume 6.2 liters, develops power and torque - 437 liters. with. and 585 Nm respectively. In 2008, the model has received an upgraded transmission, exhaust system, new versions of paint finishes, design alloy wheels and improved interior trim. At its base were created several versions - "charged» Corvette Z06. This version features the extensive use of aluminum in the power components of the cockpit, aluminum levers, classic spring suspension, and the 505-strong motor semilitrovy LS7; based on it was prepared racing Corvette C6.R, to participate in the ALMS series and racing FIA GT, which six again won the race at Le Mans in its class extreme Corvette ZR1, equipped with a 6.2-liter supercharged engine ls9, developmental 638 liters. with.

The main drawback of current models is increased noise Corvette rear differential (due to its construction.) Now Corvette Club in the United Arab Emirates together with XADO testing a Corvette Z06 in order to eliminate the noise.
[Edit]
Corvette ZR1 Hero Edition

Chevrolet has prepared for the charity Kids Wish Network Network special modification supercar Corvette ZR1, which was named Hero Edition. The car is built in one piece and with a classic roadster Chevrolet Corvette 427 1967 model year will be a special prize in the lottery.

From the usual special modification ZR1 has a distinctive exterior design with red and orange stripes on the hood and trunk lid, made in the same style engine cover, additional carbon plates and nameplates on the back with the inscription «Hero Edition». In addition, the inside of the hood, engineers left their autographs Chevrolet, participated in the development of the supercar Corvette. Gadgetry has not changed.

In the U.S., the ticket price is $ 3. Winners will be announced on December 23, 2009. [3]
[Edit]
The Next Generation

According to Motor Trend, Next Generation was originally planned for the 2011 model year (the 100th anniversary of Chevrolet), but his appearance was delayed and is now expected in the autumn of 2013. It is assumed that the C7 Corvette will perednemotornuyu layout, and will be made of carbon fiber, aluminum and magnesium, and the design is partially inherit the concept car Stingray, which General Motors introduced at the beginning of 2009 at the Motor Show in Chicago. C7 will get a new engine working volume smaller than its predecessor. It is possible that the new engine for the C7 will be paired with a robotic gearbox.
[Edit]
Interesting Facts
In May 2007, Bob Lutz said that he is opposed to the release of a Corvette sedan. It would be in the spirit of the Porsche 970 Panamera, Aston Martin Rapide and Lamborghini Estoque. However, later, Lutz said that this statement was made simply as an example of the further development of that Chevrolet is considering all the evolution of design.
Corvette confessed magazine Motor Car of the Year in 1984 and 1998. Car and Driver magazine included the Corvette in its annual Ten Best list fifteen times: C4 from 1985 to 1989, C5 in 1998, 1999, and 2002-2004, and the C6 from 2005 to 2009. C6 was also named Car of the Year in North America in 2005. C6 Z06 was named "most coveted vehicle" at the 2006 Canadian Car of the Year competition.
Automobile Magazine put Stingray 1963 to first place in the list of the "100 coolest cars."
Sports Car International placed Corvette in fifth place in the list of the best sports cars of the 1960s.
1999 Corvette-convertible, along with Mersedes-Benz S500, recognized as "Best Car of the XX century, from an engineering point of view» (Best Engineered Car of the 20th century) in the publication of the International Society of Automotive Engineers.
Corvette was 10 times the safety car to race 500 miles of Indianapolis in 1978, 1986, 1995, 1998, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2008. Overall, the car brand Chevrolet performed this role 22 times, more than anyone else.

Tri-Five Chevrolet

buchkovskiy90 — Mon, 15 Oct 2012 18:00:25 GMT

Tri-Five Chevrolet:

Cars in this series were the "golden dream" American mid-1950s. Their production established from 1955 to 1957, but now cars of this model are in demand in the U.S.. This is not surprising, since the Tri-Chevy is clearly ahead of its time: the car was comfortable, "concise" and technically perfect. This is one of the first cars, which is serially equipped with power steering and air conditioning.

The 1957 Chevrolet is an automobile which was introduced by the Chevrolet division of General Motors in September, 1956. It was available in three series models: the upscale Bel Air, the mid-range "two-ten", and the "one-fifty". A two-door station wagon, the Nomad was produced as a Bel Air model. An upscale trim option called the "Delray" was available for two-ten 2-door sedans. It is a popular and sought after classic car. These vehicles are often restored to their original condition and sometimes modified. The car's image has been frequently used in toys, graphics, music, movies and television. The '57 Chevy, as it is often known, is an auto icon.[citation needed]Contents [hide]
1 History
1.1 "Tri-Five" 1955–1957 V8
1.2 Body styles
1.3 Engines
1.4 Options
1.5 Post-production popularity
2 See also
3 References
4 External links

[edit]
History

Initially, General Motors executives wanted an entirely new car for 1957, but production delays necessitated the 1955–56 design for one more year. Ed Cole, chief engineer for Chevrolet, dictated a series of changes that significantly increased the cost of the car. These changes included a new dashboard, sealed cowl, and the relocation of air ducts to the headlight pods, which resulted in the distinctive chrome headlight that helped make the '57 Chevy a classic. Fourteen-inch wheels replaced the fifteen-inch wheels from previous years to give the car a lower stance, and a wide grille was used to give the car a wider look from the front. The now famous '57 Chevy tailfins were designed to duplicate the wide look in the rear. Bel Air models were given gold trim: the grille, front fender chevrons, hood, and trunk script were all rendered in anodized gold. The 1957 Chevys did not have an oil pressure gauge or a voltmeter.[1] The base engine was an inline 6-cylinder called the Blue Flame Six. The engine was smooth running and more fuel-efficient than the V-8. Carburetion came from a single one-barrel carburetor.
[edit]
"Tri-Five" 1955–1957 V8

The 1955 model year Chevrolet introduced its now-famous small-block V-8 — the first V-8 available in a Chevrolet since 1918.[2] It has a displacement of 265 cu in (4,340 cc). Prior to 1955, Chevrolet offered an inline 235 cu in (3,850 cc) displacement in-line 6-cylinder engine only. The 1955 model, like its engine, was all new. The "shoebox" design, so named because it was the first Chevrolet to feature streamlined rear fenders, was a watershed for Chevrolet. The lightweight car, coupled with a powerful overhead valve V-8, became a showroom draw, but also thrust the company into the arena of competitive motorsports. 1955 Chevrolets went on to dominate drag racing and became a formidable force in circle track racing. In 1956, the design was lengthened somewhat in front and given a more squarish treatment; under the hood, engine power increased and a Chevrolet Corvette engine was available for the first time in a full-size passenger car. The V-shaped trim on the tail fins was filled with a ribbed aluminum insert exclusive to the Bel Air. The fuel-injected engine represented the first time that an internal combustion gasoline engine in a passenger car reached an advertised one horsepower for each cubic inch benchmark, although the Chrysler 300B beat that by a year in their 355 horsepower, 354 c.i.d dual-carburetored engine. In NASCAR racing the 283 with its increased horsepower gave the '57 a dramatic advantage over the smaller 265 v8 the '55 and '56 had. NASCAR held the competition, especially the '55–'57 Chevys to a cubic inch restriction because of all the races the '57s were winning. This restriction stayed with the '55–'57 till they were grandfathered out of the lower NASCAR divisions in the 1970s as the '57 was still beating virtually all in their class.
[edit]
Body styles

Body choices for 1957 included 2- and 4-door sedans (identified by the "posts" between door windows), the two-door hardtop (also known as a sports coupé; the car has no post between the front and back window when the windows are lowered), the four-door hardtop (also known as a sports sedan), the utility coupé, a two-door sedan with a package shelf instead of a rear seat, the Delray "club coupe", which was a 210 model 2-door sedan, two styles of two-door station wagon, the top-of-the-line Bel Air Nomad with a sloped pillar behind the hardtop door and sliding windows at the rear seat, and the basic Handyman with an upright sedan B-pillar and a C-pillar, where the four-door wagons have one, available only in 150 and 210 trims. The four-door, six-passenger station wagon, the four-door, nine-passenger station wagon (both called Townsman in the 150 series and Beauville for the Bel Air version), and the convertible. Unlike most competitors, the Chevrolet 4-door hardtop featured a reinforced rear roof structure that gave the car added rigidity and a unique appearance in silhouette. The 1957 Chevy was called by some a "Baby Cadillac", because of many similar styling cues to Cadillacs of the time.

Although not a production model, the 2-door wagon could be had with Bel Air trim (not Nomad).
[edit]
Engines

For 1957 there were four standard engine options, a 235.5 cu in (3,859 cc) inline 6-cylinder producing 140 hp (104 kW), a 265 cu in (4,340 cc) V8 "Turbo-Fire" producing 162 hp (121 kW), and two 283 cu in (4,640 cc) V8s: a "Turbo-Fire" twin-barrel carburetor producing 185 hp (138 kW) and a "Super "Turbo-Fire" four-barrel carburetor developing 220 hp (164 kW).[3]

1957 was the first year that Chevrolet ever offered fuel injection as an option. A 283 cu in (4,640 cc) engine fitted with solid lifters and fuel injection was rated at 283 hp (211 kW).[4] Fuel injection continued as an option throughout the early 1960s. However, most mechanics of the time didn't have the experience to keep the units running properly. This prompted most buyers to opt for conventional carburetion.
[edit]
Options

1957 Chevrolet Bel Air

There were many options available, most of which were designed to make the car more comfortable and luxurious. Air conditioning was offered though rarely ordered, as was a padded dash. Power steering and power brakes were available, as well as a signal-seeking AM[4] radio and power antenna. Power windows and power seats were also available. A rear speaker could be purchased which required a separate volume knob to be installed in the dashboard, beside the radio — this rear speaker was touted as providing "surround" sound. An "autotronic eye" was offered; it was a device that bolted onto the dashboard and sensed the light from oncoming traffic, dimming the headlights automatically.[5] One unique option was an electronic shaver, connected to the dashboard.[6]

Another dashboard-mounted item was the traffic-light viewer, a ribbed plastic visor that was installed just above the speedometer. Because the roof extends so far forward of the driver, it is hard to see overhead traffic lights. The traffic light viewer captured the reflection of overhead traffic lights so that the driver didn't have to lean forward to see past the edge of the roof. A/C was also an option.[7]

In 1957, Chevy started to add safety features such as "crash proof door locks[8] "(first added in 1956), padded dash boards, safety-styled steering wheel with a recessed hub[9] (though not as much as Ford's), seat belts(also first in 1956[10]) and shoulder harnesses.[11][12] However, unlike, Ford, Chevy did not promote these safety features heavily.

1957 was also Chevrolet's first offering of a turbine transmission, known as the Turboglide. It was a design concept that Buick had developed with their Dynaflow transmission. However, due to a reliability reputation caused by its complexity, most automatic transmission buyers shunned the Turboglide in favor of the two-speed Powerglide that had been offered since 1950. At the time the Turboglide casing was the largest cast aluminum component ever put into mass production, but it never recovered from the reputation in 1957 and the option was discontinued in 1961. Manual transmissions were limited to three-speed, column shifted units (with synchromesh in second and third gear only). The Powerglide's shifter went P N D L R while the Turboglide's was P R N D Hr (although the 'Hr' was changed early in the production series to 'Gr'-Grade Retarder because of driver's mistaken belief that 'Hr' meant High Range instead of the correct Hill Retarder.) .[13][14] An overdrive unit was available as an option on the three speed manually shifted transmission cars. A four speed manual transmission was also offered at a price of $188.00 as a dealer installed only option. A '57 equipped with this transmission mated to the 270 horsepower engine and limited slip differential was the one to beat on the drag strip and street into the early 1960s.
[edit]
Post-production popularity

1957 Chevrolet 210 2-door Sedan

1957 Chevrolet 210 2-door Sedan

From a numbers standpoint, the '57 Chevy wasn't as popular as General Motors had hoped. Despite its popularity, rival Ford outsold Chevrolet for the 1957 model year for the first time since 1935. The main cause of the sales shift to Ford was the fact the '57 Chevy had tubeless tires, the first car to have them. This scared away sales to Ford as many people did not initially trust the new tubeless design. Also Ford's introduction of an all-new body styling that was longer, lower, and wider than the previous year's offerings helped Ford sales.[15] However, the 1957 Ford — with the exception of the rare retractable hardtop model — is not nearly as prized by collectors today as the 1957 Chevrolet. Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, the '57 Chevy was a popular used car and highly prized "street machine" or hot rod in 1957 terms. It was the final year of the "shoebox" Chevrolet, as 1958 saw the introduction of a much larger and heavier "X" framed Chevrolet. The ideal size of the '57, combined with its relatively light weight compared to newer full-sized cars, made it a favorite among drag racers. The engine bay was big enough to fit GM's big-block engines, first introduced in 1958 and popularized in the 1960s by the Beach Boys in the song "409". The relatively simple mechanical attributes of the car made it easy to maintain, customize, and upgrade with components such as disc brakes and air conditioning.

The big block, however, was not what put the '57 on the map on the street scene; it was the introduction and the over-the-counter, low-priced availability of the small block, 365 horsepower 327 in 1962 that was the blockbuster that made both the '55 and '57 Chevy able to beat the Ford hotrods with their flathead V8s. This was a major turning point in American hot rodding: Chevrolet had claimed the street scene from Ford. The '57 Chevy also won 49 Grand National "cup" NASCAR races (the most of any car in NASCAR history), won the Southern 500 (in 1957, 1958, and 1959); becoming the only car to do so.

The '57 also won 25 NASCAR convertible races, more than any car and won all three possible drivers championships. The '57's subsequently were used up in stock car racing at a very high rate. With the 283 engine placed from the factory behind the centerline of the front wheels made the '57 a superior handling car on the short tracks and the dirt tracks as well.

This mechanical advantage, coupled with a high reving reliable 283 earned the '57 the nickname "king of the short tracks". With the fuel injected 283, the 150 model two door sedan version, called the "black widow", was the first car that was outlawed (and quickly so) by NASCAR as it proved almost unbeatable on virtually all the NASCAR tracks in early 1957. After the '57 was grandfathered out from the now "cup" division in 1960 and relegated to the lower local track sportsman divisions they were the car to beat for years. Surprisingly enough, the '57 Chevy also won a disproportionate amount of demolition derbies as well: With the radiator set back from the grille, the car was difficult to disable. The additional advantage of having the last double lined trunk, coupled with a strong frame, made it a surprisingly common winner in the demolition derbies during the late 1960s and early 1970s. By the 1970s, the '57 Chevy became a collector car.

Companies such as Danchuk Manufacturing, Inc. and Classic Chevy Club International began selling reproduction and restoration parts. In the early 1990s, the value of meticulously restored '57 Chevy convertibles was as high as $100,000. Though those peaks gave way significantly after 1992, the '57 Chevy has held its value and now is poised to exceed the previous peak.

Restored, original examples are increasingly rare, and modern customizers and restorers are creating fast, powerful, ultra-modern hot rods that are winning the '57 Chevy a whole new generation of fans. Fiberglass and all-steel reproductions are making it possible for future generations to enjoy the '57 Chevy as original cars become harder to find.

Saleen S7

buchkovskiy90 — Mon, 15 Oct 2012 17:54:52 GMT

Saleen S7:

small-scale production of the sports car has been adjusted in the period from 2000 to 2004. This car model is the most famous brand. The machine was equipped with a "Ford" engine of 550 hp Later appeared Modified Saleen S7R for racing 24 Hours of Le Mans, and followed her and Saleen S7 Twin Turbo, which was produced until 2009.

Saleen, Incorporated, an American manufacturer of sports cars. Headquartered in Irvine, California (state). The company was founded in 1983, Steve Saleen, a former race car driver.

The company specializes in the production of small series of road and racing sports cars. The main and most famous model of a Saleen S7 and its modifications. The car belongs to the Saleen S7R racing GT-1 class and take part in competitions such as the 24-hour race in Le Mans.

Recently, the company also took the tuning mass models of popular companies like Ford, General Motors and Toyota. Most running model of the company is tuned Ford Mustang.

Saleen S7R

Maximum speed - 417km / h

Plymouth Prowler

buchkovskiy90 — Mon, 15 Oct 2012 17:52:12 GMT

Plymouth Prowler:

The word "Prowler", yak yak anglіyskoї perekladaєtsya s "tramp", s yavilosya in nazvі modelі s podachі himself Bob Lutz, the president of the concern "Chrysler". CHIC amerikansky roadster viroblyavsya drіbnimi partіyami 1997 rock, pіslya chogo model vіdrodili in 1999-2002 p. Vsogo Bulo vipuscheno 11.7 yew. Plymouth Prowler. When tsomu an hour virobnitstva tsіna pіdnyalasya s $ 38.3 yew. for the 1997 model rock to $ 44.6 yew. roadster for 2002 rock.

The history of "Rolling Stone"

His appearance in the light of "The Tramp" (the English translation of the word Prowler) required the president to "Chrysler" Bob Lutz.

In May 1990, in the design studio Pacifica Design Center in Carlsbad, California, held a contest called "Marketplace." Among the huge number of ideas was cardboard 3 by 5 inches with drawing and explanatory text: "retro-style" Hot Rod. "In November of the same year, this studio visit Bob Lutz and his eye catches this same pattern. Being adventurous man, he turns this idea. [1]

A year later, the head of Pacifica Design Tom Tremont first calls the project named Prowler. "Good" for the development of "Rolling Stone" was received in July 1992. Was scheduled to debut at the North American Motor Show in Detroit in six months.

In October 1992, he was selected for the color of the future car - a purple two-layer paint with stunning effect of depth. In the words of Gale, "depth of a meter" [1]. Especially for this paint was developed special primer, also violet. Therefore, even in places where scratches and chips in color remained the same.

In January 1993 Prowler was presented at the exhibition in Detroit. It was decided to collect "Tramp" is not on the primary production, and by hand, but the issue should be a serial. After a year of "Prauler" reappears in public - at the Detroit International Auto Show. It was the same concept car, a year ago. However, this is an example of a forthcoming production model. [1]

President of the "Chrysler" Bob Lutz, Chairman Bob Eaton and vice president Francois Kasten in August 1994, will test the person first "Prauler" on the ground in Chelsea, Michigan. His trip Bob Eaton concluded with the words: "I want to take him home". [1] To test drive "Rogue" has been carefully disguised bodywork from the jeep "Rangler" with the bottom cut out. This strange car was nicknamed "Pranglerom."

As a production car "Prauler" was presented at the show in Detroit in January 1997. Visitors to the exhibition do not believe it. [1]

In March of 1997 was assembled sixteenth "Prauler", the last of the pilot. Planned to get 20 cars a day. The first production "Prauler" left the Conner Avenue Assembly two months later, in June 1997. By the end of 1997 were collected 457 "Praulerov." And all the same color, purple, "a meter depth". [1]

In 2001, the Plymouth Prowler was renamed Chrysler Prowler.

[Edit]
Production

In the period from 1997 to 2001 "Rogue" sold under the name Plymouth Prowler, and from 2001 to 2002 under the name Chrysler Prowler.
[Edit]
The number of issued avtomobileyGody production Number of cars
1997 457
1999 3,921
2000 2,746
2001 3,142
2002 1,436
Total Plymouth Prowler 8,532
Total Chrysler Prowler 3,170
The total number of 11.702

[Edit]
Prices
1997 - $ 38,300
1999 - $ 39,300
2000 - $ 43,000
2001 - $ 44,225
2002 - $ 44,625

Pontiac Firebird

buchkovskiy90 — Mon, 15 Oct 2012 17:34:40 GMT

Pontiac Firebird:

Manufacturing American cult roadster began in 1967 and proceeded in parallel with the release of Chevrolet Camaro. Both cars are outstanding representatives class Pony Car. Model Firebird produced before 2002. For almost half a century was represented by 4 generations of machines, as well as modification

Pontiac Firebird - a car that was produced by concern General Motors from 1967 to 2002. Firebird was introduced to the market in the same year that a similar model with him Chevrolet Camaro. Both of these cars are created on the same database Pony Car and have a large list of interchangeable components and assemblies. In the same year was also presented and Mercury Cougar.

These cars are mostly mounted engines like V8, produced by different corporate divisions GM. For the most part, the engines for Pontiac Firebird produced the division until 1977, these cars were endowed engines with many factories. Since 1982, the decision was made to install only engines manufactured by GM.

The first generation (1967-1969)
The first generation

General dannyeProizvoditel: Pontiac
, Made in the years: 1967-1969 (Firebird)
1969 (Trans Am)
Assembling: Van Nuys, California, USA
Norwood, Ohio, USA
Class: Muscle car

DizaynTip (s) Body: Coupe
cabriolet
Platform: F-body
Layout: Front

DrugoeObem tank capacity: 59 liters

It looked like the first car Pontiac Firebird

The design of the first generation Firebird was like a bottle of "Coca-Cola." Unlike the Chevrolet Camaro, Firebird bumper have been integrated into the design of front end and the rear "chopped" lights have been borrowed from the design of Pontiac GTO. Convertible and coupe models were offered until 1970. Originally, this car is like a "consolation prize" for Pontiac, who wanted to produce two-seat sports car of its own design, based on its concept Banshee. But General Motors feared that in such a case, you will direct the internal competition with Chevrolet Corvette. As a result, it was decided to provide a common platform with the Pontiac Chevrolet, called the F-body. A little upset because the decision of the top management, Pontiac took the provided base and began to remodel both in terms of design and in terms of engineering solutions.

The base model Firebird came with inline-six (I-6) with the timing OHC (Overhead camshaft). Such a gas distribution system is the most common in the automotive industry and is well known to Russian motorist, as applied to engines Concern AvtoVAZ. Powered engine is provided by a twin-carburettor. The following model was equipped with four-barrel carburetor Sprint and developed 215 horsepower (160 kW). But, basically, buyers preferred format engines V8: 5.3 liters capacity with triple carburetor, issuing 250 horsepower (180 kW) model «HO» (High Output / Big Exit) with four-barrel carburetor producing 285 hp (213 kW); or engine displacement of 6.6 liters (400 HO), borrowed from the model GTO capacity of 325 horsepower (242 kW). In 1968, with the engine 400 H.O. also offered the option «Ram Air», including a functional hood scoop, intake system lowered resistance, stiffer valve springs and a modified camshaft. While power, this option is not added, but its peak is at a high speed.

Later engines of 3.8 liters and 175 horsepower (130 kW) with a single-chamber carburettor been superseded by more powerful engine of 4.1 liters, developing power of 215 horsepower (160 kW) with a four-barrel carburetor. Also for the 1968 model engine 5.3 liter engine was replaced by the 5.7 liter, «HO» version of which was modified combustion chamber and the power of 320 horsepower. Subsequently, an engine of that size (5.7L) became the most popular car in its class. Other engines do not have a significant increase in capacity.

Model Pontiac Firebird 1969

In 1969, an additional option is now available «Trans Am». This option will cost the client $ 725 and improves the car's handling and power, this option is also slightly changed appearance. «Trans Am» takes its name from the eponymous series, is very popular at that time in the U.S., and stands for Trans American - through America (free translation). Was originally made of 697 Trans Am, one - 8 convertibles and 689 coupes. In that year, was available as an option for the Ram Air IV engine 6.6 liter, supplement option Ram Air III, this engine develops 345 l / s and 335 l / s, respectively. Was re-refined engine of 5.7 liters, and then began to provide power to 330 l / s. During 1969 we developed a special 5-liter engine for the special road racing «SCCA», but for ordinary clients he was unavailable.

In terms of the body, changes to the model 1967 model 1968 is the appearance of the lateral dimensions in the body, which the government committed to put on the all-new model, the front lights indicator lights found their stand-ins on the front fenders, rear logo appears on the sides of Pontiac - «V ". Also from glazing disappeared separate windows. The model 1969 fundamentally changed the front end - a new bumper «Endura», new headlights and grille. The interior was redesigned instrument panel and steering wheel. Also ignition moved from the dashboard to the steering column and combined the engine starting and locking the steering wheel.

Due to some problems that have delayed the release of a new generation Firebird, and instead of the usual debut of the new model in September this year, Pontiac continued production of the model 1969. Moreover, in the spring of 1969 all the literature and descriptions of Firebird and brochures disappeared reference year model. They had tried to extend sales of 1969 models.

Firebird first generation can be easily distinguished from the Chevrolet Camaro - Firebird with four front headlights, while the Camaro - two.

Second generation (1970-1981)
Second generation

General dannyeProizvoditel: Pontiac
, Made in the years: 1970-1981 all models
Assembling: Van Nuys, California, USA
Norwood, Ohio, USA
Class: Muscle car

DizaynTip (s) Body: Coupe
cabriolet
Platform: F-body
Layout: Front

DrugoeObem tank capacity: 59 liters

Model 1970 Firebird Trans Am ½ years: Transition model different form bulkhead

The release of 1970 and the beginning of the second generation has been delayed until February 26, 1970 due to engineering problems, and most often it is called as the 1970 ½ model year, the beginning of the 1970 cars were on sale with slightly altered appearance.

Firebird second generation cast aside "bottle" design. The car became more squat, the upper edge of the rear windshield was almost flush with the roof, and the lower edge is ended in a nearly flush with the trunk lid. This specific type of car model on the entrenched for a long 11 years. The new design also has rather wide rear rack until 1975, when the rear window was increased. For Model 1970, there were two engine format «Ram Air» volume 6.6 liters: Ram Air III (325 horsepower, 366 horsepower Pontiac GTO) and the Ram Air IV (345 horsepower, 370 horsepower for GTO), which were inherited from the model 1969. The difference in engine power Firebird and GTO was blocking the second chamber of the carburettor when Firebird, in the rest of the engines were identical.

Model 1973

A small change has Chuck in 1977, and the next change - in 1979.

Model Firebird Trans Am 1977: The most popular modification of the model of the second generation

From 1977 to 1981 Pontiac Firebird comes with four square headlamps, while the Camaro continued to produce with two round headlights, which were typical of the top two models of the second generation. Mass of the vehicle front overhang has grown as a result of installing the front bumper, dropping hit in case of an accident and other changes that affect security. As a result, the model Firebird Trans Am weighed horrific 1750 kilograms.

455y engine displacement of 7.5 liters, which is available for installation, modification «Trans Am» Second Generation Firebird, has become the latest high-performance engine, which is deservedly considered the last of the generation of the legendary engine Muscle cars. For the first time this engine has appeared in the format HO in 1971. In 1973 and 1974, the engine was made in a special version called the SD-455.

SD-455 was reinforced engine block, four-point mounting the crankshaft bearings and other gain. Plans to release a brand new crankshaft, but in practice the SD455 comes with a standard crankshaft with minimal improvements. Also been applied advanced aluminum pistons, connecting rods and cylinder head with higher bandwidth. The cylinder head has been borrowed from the Pontiac GTO Ram Air 1967. Valve lift was about 1.03 inches, the length of the opening - 301/313 degrees and 76 degrees blending valve opening. A much more aggressive enforcement of the camera discharge Ram Air IV was planned for this engine (initially posing 310 horsepower), but, unfortunately, not able to meet the increasingly stringent requirements on emissions. The result is that the engine in this configuration, with a compression ratio of 8.4:1 (the passport, in reality, the compression ratio was 7.9:1), has a capacity of 290 horsepower. After the release of the vehicle to the market from various sources began to receive data on that car too fast for its 290 horsepower and 1750 pounds. As a result, enthusiasts were conducted comparative tests on which this arrangement showed 13.75 seconds for a quarter mile (402 meters), while vehicles with special, in-depth training for the race showed at least 14.5 seconds at 157.68 miles per hour. This intrigued magazine «High Performance Pontiac», who decided to throw a Firebird with the layout on the stand and test. Everyone expected that the result will be higher than 290 horsepower, but no one expected result in 371 horsepower! This has become a real boon for motorists at the time, but soon the engine was banned, as the requirements for emissions become increasingly stringent. As a result, Firebird 1976 with engine 455 was the last of the legendary "heavy" vehicles. Most of them were released 7100.
[Edit]
Third generation (1982-1992)
The third generation

General dannyeProizvoditel: Pontiac
, Made in the years: 1982 - 1992
Assembling: Van Nuys, California, USA
Norwood, Ohio, USA
Class: Muscle car

DizaynTip (s) Body: Coupe
Platform: F-body
Layout: Front

DrugoeObem tank capacity: 59 liters

Base F-body weight was the third generation of the relatively smaller than their predecessors and had a more streamlined, aerodynamic design, which has been implemented in an ideal model Pontiac Firebird. CCC production system GM (Computer Command Control) engine control computer also does not stand still, and developed, while increasing the power efficiency and reducing emissions. All of these factors were the strong points of this model. Firebird third generation can still be seen on the roads in quite reasonable condition, they are still popular on the secondary market. These vehicles are widely used on American television, in feature films and in television series. Thus, the black Trans Am was one of the main characters of the popular 80s TV series Knight Rider. Also, 1987 was the first year that began installing the 5.7 liter engine of the system «TPI» (Tuned Port Injection) V8 format and an output of 230 horsepower, but the engine was available only with a modification «Trim» automatic transmission TH-700R4 . In 1991, after restyling, Firebird became elongated front. Lights on vehicles this year in the closed position to fully shut down the bumper. '92 - The last year "third generation" ... Were produced (and sold) a small number of modifications perfomens F-body. Most potential customers waiting for the next generation. Following the tradition established a limited series called Firehawk. The last three cars (out of 25), for example, had a modified engine with a capacity of 375 hp
[Edit]
Fourth generation (1993-2002)
The fourth generation

General dannyeProizvoditel: Pontiac
, Made in the years: 1993 - 2002
Assembling: Sainte-Thérèse, Quebec, Canada
Class: Muscle car

DizaynTip (s) body: hatchback, coupe,
cabriolet
Platform: F-body
Layout: Front

Transmission
automatic 4-speed (TH700R4 1993, 4L60E 1994-2002)
manual 5 speed 1993-1997 Borg Warner T56 (models with V6)
manual 6 speed 1999-2002 WorldClass Tremec T56
Characteristics
Mass gabaritnyeDlina: 1998-2002 Firebird: 4910 mm
2000-2002 Trans Am: 4920 mm
1998-1999 Trans Am: 4923 mm
1998-1999 Firebird: 4910 mm
1993-1997 Firebird: 4968 mm
1993-1997 Trans Am: 5004 mm
Width: 1998-2002: 1890 mm
1993-1997: 1892 mm
Wheelbase: 2568 mm
Weight: 1560 pounds

DinamicheskieRazgon to 100 km / h: 5.8 seconds
Max. speed: 250 km / h

In the market
Successor
Pontiac GTO
Related: The fourth-generation Chevrolet Camaro

DrugoeObem tank capacity: 59 liters

The fourth generation has continued to move in the intended path of the previous generation of aerodynamic and streamlining the body, but because of a general decline in demand for these cars are not used properly popular with buyers. As before, Camaro produced with external lights and Firebird using "blind" version of the retractable headlights that have undergone minor changes. Overall, the fourth generation Firebird fully reflected the ideas of the concept of «Banshee IV», than restyled third generation in 1991. However, it had lost something that unites all generations of cars of this brand - some sharpness and wedge-shaped, brightly displayed by designers in the concept of «Banshee IV», which angered some fans of the old Firebird.
[Edit]
Modification of the Trans Am

Among others, Firebird had modified Trans Am. This modification improved the steering car slightly reduced ground clearance, raised the engine power. Plus to this, Trans Am and looks different: The functional hood scoop, fog lights, alloy wheels - these are the distinguishing features of the exterior modifications. Despite the fact that the Trans Am ceased to exist, along with the cessation of production of the Firebird in 2002, the base F-body continued to be used in the IROC racing series until 2006.

Cadillac Eldorado

buchkovskiy90 — Mon, 15 Oct 2012 17:29:38 GMT

Cadillac Eldorado:

Eldorado Trivaly hour zalishavsya flagship model line Cadillac, i LUVs naydorozhchim avtomobіlem brand. MACHINE tsієї modelі vipuskalisya s 1953 to 2002 rіk. Kompanіya about єdnala pid іm pits Eldorado vіdrazu kіlka is rіznih models deyakі s yakih navіt not boule Brokers yazanі mіzh him tehnologіchno

Cadillac Eldorado («Cadillac Eldorado") - American car class personal luxury car (personal luxury car), manufactured Cadillac division of GM as a model from 1953 to 2002.

It was the flagship of the two-door Cadillac, one of the most expensive cars of this brand.
Manufactured for a number of years a series of Cadillac Eldorado Brougham («Cadillac Eldorado Bruem") (1957-1960) was the most expensive model of this manufacturer. The rest of the model year, this place was occupied by long-wheelbase sedans and limousines series Cadillac Series 75 (Cadillac Sieriz Sevnti Five).

Under the title of "El Dorado" produced a number of different models that are not always connected to each other technologically, in particular - with the 1967 car was transferred to the unique at the time for the front-wheel drive platform of the brand.

Production was at plants in Detroit, Lansing and Hemtrek, Michigan, and in Linden, New Jersey.

Ford Thunderbird

buchkovskiy90 — Mon, 15 Oct 2012 17:23:51 GMT

Ford Thunderbird:

The model T-Bird two birthdays since 10 generations of machines in different types of tires (coupe and sedan and convertible) produced from 1955 to 1997 and from 2002 to 2005, the company released 11 generation machine. This model became the founder Class Personal Luxury Car, which later included popular American car. For all the time it was released 4.4 million Thunderbird.

Ford Thunderbird (Rus / approximate sound / - "Ford Thunderbird" is more common than the correct version of "Thunderbird", the exact transcription: [θʌndəbə: d]), also commonly known by the acronym T-Bird («T-Bird") - American rear-drive luxury car with a body "coupe", and in a number of generations - as "convertible" and "sedan", produced over the years, Ford division of Ford Motor Company.

The model name is borrowed from the mythology of the North American Indians, some tribes are Thunderbird (Thunderbird) - Eng. Thunderbird - the spirit of storms, lightning and rain.

Was released eleven differ greatly, including the concept, the model generations from 1955 to 2005 (with a break in 1998-2001), and the total output over the years has reached 4.4 million.

The car was positioned as «Personal Luxury Car» («persenl Luxury car" - a relatively small prestige car for wealthy owners, who preferred not to use the services of hired driver and manage it yourself), and in fact founded the American car market segment.

Mercury Eight

buchkovskiy90 — Mon, 15 Oct 2012 17:18:46 GMT

Top cars United States.

It is difficult to imagine "the American dream" without a large sedan with lots of chrome elements or without muscle-car from the roar of the engine which lays ears. American cars have long ceased to be just a means of transportation. Got to the point that fans literally canonized models

$CUT$

Top American cars
Mercury Eight: Is the first model of Mercury, which was part of Ford Motor Company. Almost all the time these cars were in the shadow of another American brand, Lincoln, through which jokingly Mercury Eight became known as "Little Lincoln." The situation has changed somewhat in the postwar years. 1949-1951 years were the most successful for the model. At the same time were released many tuning modifications, and the famous orange flames on a black body I, which became the visiting card of American airbrushing for the first time since it appeared on this "eight"

The Mercury Eight was the first model of the Ford Motor Company's Mercury marque and was produced from the 1939 through the 1951 model years. It was the only model offered by Mercury until the marque starting producing multiple series in the 1952 model year, at which point it was dropped as a model designation.

Mercury-Atlas 8 (MA-8) was the fifth United States manned space mission, part of NASA's Mercury program. Astronaut Walter M. Schirra, Jr., orbited the Earth six times in the Sigma 7 spacecraft on October 3, 1962, in a nine-hour flight focused mainly on technical evaluation rather than on scientific experimentation. This was the longest U.S. manned orbital flight yet achieved in the Space Race, though well behind the several-day record set by the Soviet Vostok 3 earlier in the year. It confirmed the Mercury spacecraft's durability ahead of the one-day Mercury-Atlas 9 mission that followed in 1963.

Planning began for the third U.S. orbital mission in February 1962, aiming for a six-or-seven-orbit flight to build on the previous three-orbit missions. NASA officially announced the mission on June 27, and the flight plan was finalized in late July. The mission focused on engineering tests rather than on scientific experimentation. The mission finally launched on the morning of October 3, having been delayed two weeks because of problems with the Atlas booster. A series of minor booster problems during launch and a faulty temperature controller in Schirra's pressure suit were the only technical problems noted during the flight. The spacecraft orbited in both automated and passive flight modes for prolonged periods while the pilot monitored it and carried out some minor scientific experiments. After six orbits, the capsule landed in the Pacific Ocean half a mile from the recovery carrier, and was hoisted aboard for Schirra to disembark.

The scientific results of the mission were mixed. The astronaut returned healthy after nine hours of confinement in a low-gravity environment. Observation of the Earth's surface proved unproductive, however, because of heavy cloud cover and bad photographic exposures. The public and political reaction was muted compared with that of earlier missions, as the Cuban Missile Crisis quickly eclipsed the Space Race in the news. The mission was a technical success: all the engineering objectives were completed without significant malfunctions, and the spacecraft used even less fuel than expected. This confirmed the capabilities of the Mercury spacecraft and allowed NASA to plan with confidence for a day-long flight, MA-9, which had been an early goal of the Mercury program.